Plants

This is a list of the plants that I’ve found or planted on our land.  Most of the names are linked to photos that I’ve taken.  I’ve marked species which are exotics, and ones that weren’t here when we arrived.

* Exotic species – not native

+ Native species that weren’t here when we first explored – as far as I know – and that I’ve used in my plantings

# Species that I didn’t plant, and I didn’t notice when we first arrived.  They may have come in with seeds I purchased, or were brought in by animals, or maybe were here all along and I just didn’t see them.

Adoxaceae
Sambucus canadensis – Common Elderberry
Viburnum lentago – Nannyberry
Viburnum opulus – European Bush-cranberry*

Anacardiaceae – Cashew Family
Rhus glabra – Smooth Sumac
Rhus typhina – Staghorn Sumac
Toxicodendron rydbergii – Western Poison Ivy

Apiaceae – Parsley Family
Angelica atropurpurea – Angelica
Cicuta maculata – Water Hemlock
Conium maculatum – Poison Hemlock*  (removed)
Cryptotaenia canadensis – Honewort
Daucus carota – Queen Anne’s Lace*
Eryngium yuccifolium – Rattlesnake Master #
Heracleum lanatum – Cow Parsnip
Osmorhiza claytonii – Hairy Sweet Cicely
Osmorhiza longistylis – Anise-root
Pastinaca sativa – Wild Parsnip*
Sanicula marilandica – Black Snakeroot
Sanicula odorata – Clustered Black Snakeroot
Taenidia integerrima – Yellow Pimpernel
Zizia aurea – Golden Alexander

Apocynaceae – Dogbane Family
Apocynum androsaemifolium – Dogbane
Apocynum cannabinum – Indian Hemp
Asclepias exaltata – Poke Milkweed
Asclepias incarnata – Swamp Milkweed
Asclepias syriaca – Common Milkweed
Asclepias tuberosa – Butterfly Weed
Asclepias verticillata – Whorled Milkweed
Asclepias viridiflora – Green Milkweed

Aquifoliaceae – Holly Family
Ilex verticillata – Winterberry

Araceae – Arum Family
Arisaema tryphyllum – Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Lemna minor – Duckweed

Araliaceae – Ginseng Family
Aralia nudicaulis – Wild Sarsaparilla
Aralia racemosa – Spikenard

Aristolochiaceae – Birthwort Family
Asarum canadense – Wild Ginger

Asparagaceae – Asparagus Family
Asparagus officinalis – Asparagus

Aspleniaceae – Spleenwort Family
Asplenium platyneuron – Ebony Spleenwort

Asteraceae – Sunflower Family
Achillea millefolium – Yarrow  (pink)
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – Common Ragweed
Ambrosia trifida – Great Ragweed
Antennaria neglecta – Field Pussy Toes
Antennaria plantaginifolia – Plantain Pussy Toes
Arctium minus – Common Burdock *
Arnoglossum atriplicifolium – Pale Indian-plantain #  (removed)
Artemisia biennis – Biennial Wormwood *
Artemisia campestris – Wormwood
Artemisia dracunculus – Dragon Wormwood +
Artemisia ludoviciana – White Sage +
Ageratina altissima – White Snakeroot
Bidens cernua– Nodding Beggar-ticks
Bidens frondosa – Common Beggar Ticks
Bidens trichosperma – Tall Swamp Marigold+
Brickellia eupatorioides – False Boneset
Cirsium altissimum – Tall Thistle
Cirsium arvense – Canada Thistle*
Cirsium discolor – Field Thistle
Cirsium hillii – Hill’s Thistle +
Cirsium muticum – Swamp Thistle
Cirsium vulgare – Bull Thistle*
Coreopsis palmata – Prairie Coreopsis
Doellingeria umbellata – Flat-topped Aster
Echinacea pallida – Pale Purple Coneflower #
Erechtites hieracifolia – American Burn-weed
Erigeron annuus – Annual Fleabane
Erigeron pulchellus var. pulchellus – Robin’s Plantain
Erigeron strigosus – Daisy Fleabane
Eupatorium altissimum – Tall Boneset +
Eupatorium perfoliatum – Boneset
Eurybia macrophylla – Big Leafed Aster
Euthamia graminifolia – Grass Leafed Goldenrod
Eutrochium maculatum – Joe Pye Weed
Eutrochium purpureum – Green-stemmed Joe-Pye-Weed
Gnaphalium obtusifolium – Sweet Everlasting
Helenium autumnale – Sneezeweed
Helianthus giganteus – Tall Sunflower
Helianthus grosseserratus – Saw-tooth Sunflower
Helianthus occidentalis – Western Sunflower
Helianthus pauciflorus – Stiff Sunflower +
Helianthus strumosus/hirsutus – Rough Sunflower
Heliopsis helianthoides – Oxeye
Hieracium caespitosum – Meadow Hawkweed *
Hieracium scabrum – Rough Hawkweed
Hieracium umbellatum – Northern Hawkweed
Krigia biflora – False Dandelion
Liatris aspera – Rough Blazing Star (pink and white flowered plants)
Liatris cylindracea – Cylindrical Blazing Star
Liatris ligulistylis – Showy Blazing Star #
Liatris punctata – Dotted Blazing Star +
Liatris pycnostachya – Prairie Blazing Star #
Packera aurea – Golden Ragwort
Packera paupercula – Balsam Ragwort
Prenanthes alba – White Lettuce
Ratibida pinnata – Yellow Coneflower
Rudbeckia hirta – Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia laciniata – Cut-leaved Coneflower
Rudbeckia triloba – Brown-eyed Susan +
Silphium perfoliatum – Cup Plant
Solidago canadensis – Canada Goldenrod
Solidago flexicaulis – Zig-zag Goldenrod
Solidago gigantea – Giant Goldenrod
Solidago missouriensis – Missouri Goldenrod
Solidago nemoralis – Gray Goldenrod
Solidago ptarmicoides – Upland White Goldenrod
Solidago rigida – Stiff Goldenrod
Solidago speciosa – Showy Goldenrod
Solidago uliginosa – Bog Goldenrod
Solidago ulmifolia – Elm-leaved Goldenrod
Sonchus asper – Prickly Sow-thistle
Symphyotrichum ericoides – Heath Aster
Symphyotrichum firmum – Shining Aster
Symphyotrichum laeve – Smooth Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum – Panicled Aster
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum – Calico Aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae – New England Aster
Symphyotrichum oblongifolium – Aromatic Aster
Symphyotrichum oolentangiense – Sky Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum pilosum – Frost Aster +
Symphyotrichum puniceum – Swamp Aster
Symphyotrichum urophyllum – Arrow-leaved Aster
Symphyotrichum sericeum – Silky Aster
Tanacetum vulgare – Common Tansy *
Taraxacum officinale – Dandelion*
Tragopogon dubius – Yellow Salsify*
Vernonia fasciculata – Common Ironweed +

Balsaminaceae – Touch-me-not Family
Impatiens capensis – Jewelweed
Impatiens pallida – Yellow Jewelweed

Berberidaceae – Barberry Family
Caulophyllum thalictroides – Blue Cohosh

Betulaceae – Birch Family
Alnus incana – Speckled Alder
Betula papyrifera – White Birch
Betula pumila – Bog Birch
Corylus americana – American Hazelnut

Boraginaceae – Borage Family
Hackelia virginiana – Virginia Stickseed
Hydrophyllum virginianum – Virginia Waterleaf
Lithospermum canescens – Hoary Puccoon
Lithospermum incisum – Fringed Puccoon

Brassicaceae – Mustard Family
Alliaria petiolata – Garlic Mustard*
Arabidopsis lyrata – Sand Cress
Barbarea vulgaris – Yellow Rocket*
Boechera laevigata – Smooth Rock-cress
Cardamine bulbosa – Spring-cress
Draba reptans – Common Whitlow-grass
Erucastrum gallicum – Dog-mustard*
Hesperis matronalis – Dame’s Rocket*
Nasturtium officinale – Watercress*
Raphanus raphanistrum – Wild Radish *
Rorippa palustris – Bog Yellow-cress
Turritis glabra – Tower Mustard

Cactaceae – Cactus Family
Opuntia macrorhiza – Plains Prickly-pear +

Campanulaceae – Bellflower Family
Campanula aparinoides – Marsh Bellflower
Campanula rotundifolia – Harebell
Campanulastrum americana – American Bellflower
Lobelia cardinalis – Cardinal Flower #
Lobelia inflata – Indian Tobacco
Lobelia siphilitica – Great Blue Lobelia
Lobelia spicata – Spiked Lobelia
Triodanis perfoliata – Venus’ Looking Glass

Cannabanaceae – Hemp Family
Humulus lupulus – Common Hop

Caprifoliaceae – Honeysuckle Family
Diervilla lonicera – Bush Honeysuckle
Lonicera dioica – Mountain Honeysuckle
Lonicera maackii – Amur Honeysuckle*
Lonicera tatarica – Tartarian Honeysuckle*
Triosteum aurantiacum – Early Horse-gentian
Triosteum perfoliatum – Tinker’s Weed +
Valeriana edulis – Edible Valerian +

Caryophyllaceae – Pink Family
Dianthus armeria – Deptford Pink*
Silene antirrhina – Sleepy Catchfly
Silene latifolia – Bladder Campion *
Silene nivea – Snowy Campion
Stellaria aquatica – Water Stitchwort*
Stellaria longifolia – Long-leaved Stitchwort

Celastraceae – Bittersweet Family
Celastrus scandens – American Bittersweet

Chenopodiaceae – Goosefoot Family
Chenopodium pratericola – Desert Goosefoot

Cistaceae – Rock-rose Family
Crocanthemum bicknellii – Hoary Frostweed
Lechea intermedia – Pinweed
Lechea stricta – Prairie Pinweed

Cleomaceae – Cleome Family
Polanisia dodecandra – Clammy-weed

Commelinaceae – Spiderwort Family
Tradescantia ohiensis – Common Spiderwort

Convolvulaceae – Morning-glory Family
Calystegia sepium – Hedge Bindweed
Calystegia spithamaea – Low Bindweed
Cuscuta gronovii – Common Dodder

Cornaceae – Dogwood Family
Cornus alternifolia – Pagoda Dogwood
Cornus racemosa – Gray Dogwood
Cornus rugosa – Round-leaved Dogwood
Cornus sericea – Red Osier

Cucurbitaceae – Cucumber Family
Echinocystis lobata – Wild Cucumber

Cupressaceae – Cypress Family
Juniperus communis – Common Juniper
Juniperus virginiana – Eastern Red Cedar

Cyperaceae – Sedge Family
Carex bicknellii – Bicknell’s Sedge
Carex pensylvanica – Pennsylvania Sedge
Carex stricta – Common Tussock Sedge
Carex trichocarpa
Cyperus diandrus – Umbrella Flat-sedge
Cyperus lupulinus – Sand Sedge
Cyperus strigosus – False Nut-sedge
Scirpus atrovirens – Black Bulrush
Scirpus microcarpus – Panicled Bulrush
Scirpus cyperinus – Wool Grass

Dennstaedtiaceae – Bracken Fern Family
Pteridium aquilinum – Bracken Fern

Dryopteridaceae – True Fern Family
Athyrium filix-femina – Lady Fern
Dryopteris carthusiana – Toothed Wood Fern
Gymnocarpium dryopteris – Common Oak Fern
Matteuccia struthiopteris – Ostrich Fern
Onoclea sensibilis – Sensitive Fern

Ericaceae – Heath Family
Monotropa uniflora – Indian Pipe
Pyrola elliptica – Large-flowered Shin-leaf

Euphorbiaceae – Spurge Family
Acalypha rhomboidea – Three-seeded Mercury
Euphorbia corollata– Flowering Spurge
Euphorbia davidii – David’s Spurge*

Equisetaceae – Horsetail Family
Equisetum arvense – Common Horsetail
Equisetum hyemale – Common Scouring Rush

Fabaceae – Bean Family
Amorpha canescens – Lead Plant
Amphicarpaea bracteata – Hog Peanut
Apios americana – Groundnut
Astragalus canadensis – Canada Milk-vetch
Baptisia alba – White Wild Indigo +
Baptisia bracteata – Cream Wild Indigo +
Chaemecrista fasciculata – Partridge Pea +
Dalea candida – White Prairie Clover +
Dalea purpurea – Purple Prairie Clover
Desmodium canadense – Canada Tick-trefoil (closeup)
Desmodium glutinosum – Clustered Tick-trefoil(closeup)
Desmodium illinoense – Illinois Tick-trefoil +
Lathyrus palustris – Marsh Pea
Lathyrus venosus – Veiny Pea
Lespedeza capitata – Bush Clover
Lotus corniculatus – Birds Foot Trefoil*
Lupinus perennis – Wild Lupine +

Fagaceae – Beech Family
Quercus alba – White Oak
Quercus ellipsoidalis – Hill’s Oak
Quercus macrocarpa – Burr Oak
Quercus rubra – Red Oak
Quercus velutina – Black Oak

Gentianaceae – Gentian Family
Gentiana alba – Cream Gentian
Gentiana andrewsii – Bottle Gentian
Gentiana quinquefolia – Stiff Gentian
Gentiana x pallidocyanea – Hybrid Bottle Gentian
Gentianopsis crinita – Fringed Gentian

Geraniaceae – Geranium Family
Geranium maculatum – Wild Geranium

Grossulariaceae – Gooseberry Family
Ribes americanum – American Black Current
Ribes missouriense – Missouri Gooseberry

Hypericaceae – St. John’s Wort Family
Hypericum majus – Larger Canadian St. John’s Wort
Hypericum perforatum – Common St. John’s Wort*
Hypericum punctatum – Spotted St. John’s Wort
Hypericum pyramidatum – Great St. John’s Wort

Hypoxidaceae – Star-grass Family
Hypoxis hirsuta – Yellow Star-grass

Iridaceae – Iris Family
Iris germanica – German Iris *
Iris versicolor – Northern Blue Flag +
Sisyrinchium campestre – Prairie Blue Eyed Grass

Juglandaceae – Walnut Family
Carya cordiformis – Bitternut Hickory
Juglans nigra – Black Walnut

Juncaceae – Rush Family
Juncus dudleyi – Dudley’s Rush
Juncus effusus – Common Rush
Luzula multiflora – Common Wood Rush

Lamiaceae – Mint Family
Agastache scrophulariaefolia – Purple Giant Hyssop +
Blephilia ciliata – Downy Wood-mint
Hedeoma hispida – Rough False Pennyroyal
Lycopus americanus – Water Horehound
Mentha arvensis – Wild Mint
Monarda fistulosa – Bergamot
Monarda punctata – Dotted Horsemint +
Prunella vulgaris – Heal-all
Pycnanthemum pilosum – Hairy Mountain Mint #
Pycnanthemum virginianum – Mountain Mint
Scutellaria parvula var. missouriensis – Small Skullcap
Stachys palustris – Hedge-nettle

Liliaceae – Lily Family
Allium stellatum – Prairie Onion +
Lilium michiganense – Turks Cap Lily
Lilium philadelphicum – Wood Lily +
Maianthemum canadense – Wild Lily of the Valley
Maianthemum racemosum – False Solomon’s Seal
Maianthemum stellatum – Starry False Solomon’s Seal
Polygonatum biflorum – Solomon’s Seal
Trillium flexipes – Nodding Trillium
Uvularia grandiflora – Bellwort
Zigadenus elegans – White Camas

Linaceae – Flax Family
Linum sulcatum – Yellow Flax

Lycopodiaceae – Clubmoss Family
Diphasiastrum digitatum – Trailing Ground Pine
Huperzia lucidula – Shining Club Moss

Mniaceae – Moss Family
Plagiomnium cuspidatum – Baby Tooth Moss

Nyctaginaceae – Four-o’clock Family
Mirabilis nyctaginea – Wild Four-o’clock

Onagraceae – Evening-primrose Family
Circaea canadensis – Enchanter’s Nightshade
Epilobium angustifolium – Fireweed
Epilobium coloratum – Eastern Willow-herb
Epilobium leptophyllum – American Marsh Willow-herb
Oenothera biennis – Evening Primrose

Ophioglossaceae – Adder’s Tongue Family
Botrychium dissectum – Dissected Grape-fern (phase with less dissected leaves)
Botrychium virginianum – Rattlesnake Fern

Orchidaceae – Orchid Family
Coeloglossum viride – Frog Orchid
Corallorhiza odontorhiza – Autumn Coralroot
Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens – Large Yellow Lady’s Slipper
Galearis spectabilis – Showy Orchis
Goodyera pubescens – Downy Rattlesnake-plantain
Liparis liliifolia – Purple Twayblade
Liparis loeselii – Green Twayblade
Platanthera psycodes – Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid +
Spiranthes magnicamporum – Great Plains Ladies Tresses
Spiranthes ovalis – October Ladies Tresses

Orobanchaecae – Broom-rape Family
Agalinis aspera – Rough False Foxglove
Agalinis tenuifolia – Common False Foxglove
Castilleja coccinea – Indian Paintbrush #+
Castilleja sessiliflora – Downy Yellow Painted Cup
Orobanche uniflora – One-flowered Broom-rape
Pedicularis canadensis – Wood Betony
Pedicularis lanceolata – Swamp Lousewort

Osmundaceae – Royal Fern Family
Osmunda claytoniana – Interrupted Fern

Oxalidaceae – Wood-sorrel Family
Oxalis stricta – Common Yellow Wood-sorrel
Oxalis violacea – Violet Wood-sorrel

Papaveraceae – Poppy Family
Sanguinaria canadensis – Bloodroot

Penthoraceae – Ditch-stonecrop Family
Penthorum sedoides – Ditch Stonecrop

Phrymaceae – Lopseed Family
Mimulus glabratus – Round-leaved Monkey-flower
Mimulus ringens – Monkey Flower
Phryma leptostachya – Lopseed

Plantaginaceae – Plantain Family
Chaenorhinum minus – Dwarf Snapdragon *
Chelone glabra – Turtlehead
Penstemon digitalis – Foxglove Beardtongue #
Penstemon gracilis – Slender Beardtongue #
Penstemon grandiflorus – Large-flowered Beardtongue +
Plantago rugelii – American Plantain
Veronica arvensis – Field Speedwell *
Veronica serpyllifolia – Thyme-leaved Speedwell *
Veronicastrum virginicum – Culver’s Root

Poaceae – Grass Family
Andropogon gerardii – Big Bluestem
Bouteloua curtipendula – Side Oats Gramma
Bouteloua hirsuta – Hairy Gramma
Bromus ciliatus – Fringed Brome
Bromus kalmii – Prairie Brome
Bromus inermis – Smooth Brome *
Bromus latiglumis – Ear-leafed Brome
Cenchrus longispinus – Sandbur
Elymus canadensis – Canada Wild-rye +
Elymus hystrix – Bottlebrush Grass
Elymus trachycaulus – Slender Wheat Grass
Elymus riparius – Riverbank Wild-rye
Eragrostis spectabilis – Purple Lovegrass
Glyceria grandis – Manna Grass
Glyceria striata – Fowl Manna Grass
Koeleria macrantha – June Grass +
Leersia oryzoides – Rice Cutgrass
Muhlenbergia cuspidata – Prairie Satin Grass
Muhlenbergia racemosa – Upland Wild Timothy
Panicum oligosanthes – Few-flowered Panic Grass
Panicum virgatum – Switchgrass +
Paspalum setaceum – Hairy Bead Grass
Phalaris arundinacea – Reed Canary Grass *
Phleum pratense – Timothy *
Poa pratensis – Kentucky Bluegrass *
Setaria pumila – Yellow Foxtail *
Setaria viridis – Giant Green Foxtail *
Schizachyrium scoparium – Little Bluestem
Sorghastrum nutans – Indian Grass
Spartina pectinata – Prairie Cord Grass +
Sporobolus heterolepis – Prairie Dropseed
Stipa Spartea – Needle Grass

Polemoniaceae – Phlox Family
Phlox pilosa – Prairie Phlox
Polemonium reptans – Jacob’s Ladder

Polygalaceae – Milkwort Family
Polygala polygama – Purple Milkwort
Polygala sanguinea – Field Milkwort
Polygala verticillata var. isocycla – WhorledMilkwort

Polygonaceae – Buckwheat Family
Fallopia scandens – Climbing False Buckwheat
Persicaria longiseta – Oriental Lady’s-thumb *
Persicaria maculosa – Spotted Lady’s-thumb *
Persicaria pensylvanica – Pennsylvania Knotweed
Persicaria punctata – Dotted Smartweed
Persicaria sagittata – Arrow-leaved Tearthumb
Polygonum aviculare – Common Knotweed*
Rumex altissimus – Water Dock
Rumex crispus – Curly Dock*
Rumex orbiculatus – Great Water Dock

Potamogetonaceae – Pondweed Family
Potamogeton foliosus – Leafy Pondweed

Primulaceae – Primrose Family
Lysimachia ciliata – Fringed Loosestrife
Lysimachia quadriflora – Narrow-leaved Loosestrife
Trientalis borealis – Starflower

Pteridaceae – Maidenhair Fern Family
Adiantum pedatum – Maidenhair Fern
Pellaea glabella – Smooth Cliff Brake

Ranunculaceae – Buttercup Family
Actaea rubra – Red Baneberry
Anemone canadensis – Canada Anemone
Anemone cylindrica – Thimbleweed
Anemone quinquefolia – Wood Anemone
Anemone virginiana – Tall Thimbleweed
Aquilegia canadensis – Columbine
Caltha palustris – Marsh Marigold
Clematis virginiana – Wild Clematis
Delphinium carolinianum – Prairie Larkspur +
Ranunculus abortivus – Small-flowered Buttercup
Ranunculus acris – Meadow Buttercup*
Ranunculus hispidus – Rough Buttercup
Ranunculus recurvatus – Hooked Buttercup
Thalictrum dasycarpum – Tall Meadow Rue
Thalictrum dioicum – Early Meadow Rue
Thalictrum thalictroides – Rue Anemone

Rhamnaceae – Buckthorn Family
Ceanothus americanus – New Jersey Tea
Rhamnus cathartica – Common Buckthorn*

Rosaceae – Rose Family
Agrimonia gryposepala – Common Agrimony
Agrimonia striata – Roadside Agrimony
Amelanchier laevis – Smooth Serviceberry
Crataegus sp. – Hawthorne
Fragaria sp.– Wild Strawberry
Geum aleppicum – Yellow Avens
Geum canadense – White Avens
Geum triflorum – Prairie Smoke
Malus pumila – Apple *
Physocarpus opulifolius – Common Ninebark
Potentilla arguta – Prairie Cinquefoil
Potentilla recta – Rough-fruited Cinquefoil *
Potentilla simplex – Common Cinquefoil
Prunus americana – Wild Plum
Prunus pennsylvanica – Fire Cherry
Prunus serotina – Wild Black Cherry
Prunus virginiana – Chokecherry
Rosa palustris – Swamp Rose
Rosa sp. – Wild Rose
Rubus allegheniensis – Blackberry
Rubus flagellaris – Northern Dewberry
Rubus hispidus – Dewberry
Rubus idaeus – Raspberry
Rubus occidentalis – Black Raspberry
Rubus pubescens – Dwarf Red Raspberry

Rubiaceae – Madder Family
Galium aparine – Cleavers
Galium asprellum – Rough Bedstraw
Galium boreale – Northern Bedstraw
Galium triflorum – Fragrant Bedstraw

Rutaceae – Rue Family
Zanthoxylum americanum – Prickly Ash

Salicaceae – Willow Family
Populus deltoides – Cottonwood
Populus grandidentata – Big Toothed Aspen
Populus tremuloides – Quaking Aspen
Salix candida – Sage Willow
Salix humilis – Prairie Willow
Salix interior – Sandbar Willow

Santalaceae – Sandalwood Family
Comandra umbellata – Bastard Toadflax

Sapindaceae – Soapberry Family
Acer negndo – Box Elder
Acer rubrum – Red Maple
Acer saccarinum – Silver Maple
Acer saccharum – Sugar Maple

Saxifragaceae – Saxifrage Family
Mitella diphylla – Bishop’s Cap
Heuchera richardsonii – Prairie Alumroot
Micranthes pensylvanica – Swamp Saxifrage

Scrophulariaceae – Figwort Family
Scrophularia lanceolata – Figwort
Verbascum thapsus – Common Mullein*

Smilacaceae – Catbrier Family
Smilax lasioneura – Common Carrion Flower

Solanaceae – Nightshade Family
Physalis heterophylla – Clammy Ground Cherry
Physalis virginiana – Virginia Ground Cherry

Thelypteridaceae
Thelypteris palustris – Marsh Fern

Tiliaceae – Linden Family
Tilia americana – American Basswood

Typhaceae – Cat-tail Family
Typha angustifolia – Narrow-leaved Cattail*
Typha latifolia – Cattail

Ulmaceae – Elm Family
Celtis occidentalis – Northern Hackberry
Ulmus americana – American Elm

Urticaceae – Nettle Family
Pilea pumila – Clearweed
Urtica dioica – Stinging Nettle

Verbenaceae – Vervain Family
Verbena hastata – Blue Vervain
Verbena stricta – Hoary Vervain +
Verbena urticifolia – White Vervain

Violaceae – Violet Family
Viola affinis – Sand Violet
Viola conspersa – Dog Violet
Viola macloskeyi – Small White Violet
Viola x palmata – Early Blue Violet
Viola pedata – Birdfoot Violet
Viola pedatifida – Prairie Violet
Viola pubescens – Yellow Violet
Viola sororia – Common Blue Violet

Vitaceae
Parthenocissus inserta – Woodbine
Vitis riparia – Frost Grape