This is a list of the vascular plants that I’ve found or planted on our land.  It includes flowering plants, gymnosperms, and ferns and club mosses.  (Bryophytes: mosses, liverworts and hornworts, are on a separate list.)

Most of the names are linked to photos that I’ve taken.  I’ve marked species which are exotics, and ones that weren’t here when we arrived.

* Exotic species – not native

+ Native species that weren’t here when we first explored – as far as I know – and that I’ve used in my plantings

# Species that I didn’t plant, and I didn’t notice when we first arrived.  They may have come in with seeds I purchased, or were brought in by animals, or maybe were here all along and I just didn’t see them.

Adoxaceae
Sambucus canadensis – Common Elderberry
Viburnum lentago – Nannyberry
Viburnum opulus – European Bush-cranberry*

Alismataceae – Water Plantain Family
Sagittaria latifolia – Broad-leaved Arrowhead

Anacardiaceae – Cashew Family
Rhus glabra – Smooth Sumac
Rhus typhina – Staghorn Sumac
Toxicodendron rydbergii – Western Poison Ivy

Apiaceae – Parsley Family
Angelica atropurpurea – Angelica
Cicuta maculata – Water Hemlock
Conium maculatum – Poison Hemlock*  (removed)
Cryptotaenia canadensis – Honewort
Daucus carota – Queen Anne’s Lace*
Eryngium yuccifolium – Rattlesnake Master #
Heracleum lanatum – Cow Parsnip
Osmorhiza claytonii – Hairy Sweet Cicely
Osmorhiza longistylis – Anise-root
Pastinaca sativa – Wild Parsnip*
Sanicula marilandica – Black Snakeroot
Sanicula odorata – Clustered Black Snakeroot
Taenidia integerrima – Yellow Pimpernel
Zizia aurea – Golden Alexander

Apocynaceae – Dogbane Family
Apocynum androsaemifolium – Dogbane
Apocynum cannabinum – Indian Hemp
Asclepias exaltata – Poke Milkweed
Asclepias incarnata – Swamp Milkweed
Asclepias syriaca – Common Milkweed
Asclepias tuberosa – Butterfly Weed
Asclepias verticillata – Whorled Milkweed
Asclepias viridiflora – Green Milkweed

Aquifoliaceae – Holly Family
Ilex verticillata – Winterberry

Araceae – Arum Family
Arisaema tryphyllum – Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Lemna minor – Duckweed

Araliaceae – Ginseng Family
Aralia nudicaulis – Wild Sarsaparilla
Aralia racemosa – Spikenard

Aristolochiaceae – Birthwort Family
Asarum canadense – Wild Ginger

Asparagaceae – Asparagus Family
Asparagus officinalis – Asparagus

Aspleniaceae – Spleenwort Family
Asplenium platyneuron – Ebony Spleenwort

Asteraceae – Sunflower Family
Achillea millefolium – Yarrow  (pink)
Ambrosia artemisiifolia – Common Ragweed
Ambrosia trifida – Great Ragweed
Antennaria neglecta – Field Pussy Toes
Antennaria plantaginifolia – Plantain Pussy Toes
Arctium minus – Common Burdock *
Arnoglossum atriplicifolium – Pale Indian-plantain #  (removed)
Artemisia biennis – Biennial Wormwood *
Artemisia campestris – Wormwood
Artemisia dracunculus – Dragon Wormwood +
Artemisia ludoviciana – White Sage +
Ageratina altissima – White Snakeroot
Bidens cernua– Nodding Beggar-ticks
Bidens frondosa – Common Beggar Ticks
Bidens trichosperma – Tall Swamp Marigold+
Bidens tripartita – Swamp Tickseed
Brickellia eupatorioides – False Boneset
Cirsium altissimum – Tall Thistle
Cirsium arvense – Canada Thistle*
Cirsium discolor – Field Thistle
Cirsium hillii – Hill’s Thistle +
Cirsium muticum – Swamp Thistle
Cirsium vulgare – Bull Thistle*
Coreopsis palmata – Prairie Coreopsis
Doellingeria umbellata – Flat-topped Aster
Echinacea pallida – Pale Purple Coneflower #
Erechtites hieracifolia – American Burn-weed
Erigeron annuus – Annual Fleabane
Erigeron philadelphicus – Common Fleabane
Erigeron pulchellus var. pulchellus – Robin’s Plantain
Erigeron strigosus – Daisy Fleabane
Eupatorium altissimum – Tall Boneset +
Eupatorium perfoliatum – Boneset
Eurybia macrophylla – Big Leafed Aster
Euthamia graminifolia – Grass Leafed Goldenrod
Eutrochium maculatum – Joe Pye Weed
Eutrochium purpureum – Purple Joe-Pye-Weed
Gnaphalium obtusifolium – Sweet Everlasting
Helenium autumnale – Sneezeweed
Helianthus giganteus – Tall Sunflower
Helianthus grosseserratus – Saw-tooth Sunflower
Helianthus occidentalis – Western Sunflower
Helianthus pauciflorus – Stiff Sunflower +
Helianthus strumosus/hirsutus – Rough Sunflower
Heliopsis helianthoides – Oxeye
Hieracium aurantiacum – Orange Hawkweed *
Hieracium caespitosum – Meadow Hawkweed *
Hieracium scabrum – Rough Hawkweed
Hieracium umbellatum – Northern Hawkweed
Krigia biflora – False Dandelion
Liatris aspera – Rough Blazing Star (pink and white flowered plants)
Liatris cylindracea – Cylindrical Blazing Star
Liatris ligulistylis – Showy Blazing Star #
Liatris punctata – Dotted Blazing Star +
Liatris pycnostachya – Prairie Blazing Star #
Matricaria chamomilla – Chamomile *
Packera aurea – Golden Ragwort
Packera paupercula – Balsam Ragwort
Prenanthes alba – White Lettuce
Ratibida pinnata – Yellow Coneflower
Rudbeckia hirta – Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia laciniata – Cut-leaved Coneflower
Rudbeckia triloba – Brown-eyed Susan +
Silphium perfoliatum – Cup Plant
Solidago canadensis – Canada Goldenrod
Solidago flexicaulis – Zig-zag Goldenrod
Solidago gigantea – Giant Goldenrod
Solidago missouriensis – Missouri Goldenrod
Solidago nemoralis – Gray Goldenrod
Solidago ptarmicoides – Upland White Goldenrod
Solidago rigida – Stiff Goldenrod
Solidago speciosa – Showy Goldenrod
Solidago uliginosa – Bog Goldenrod
Solidago ulmifolia – Elm-leaved Goldenrod
Sonchus asper – Prickly Sow-thistle
Symphyotrichum ericoides – Heath Aster
Symphyotrichum firmum – Shining Aster
Symphyotrichum laeve – Smooth Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum – Panicled Aster
Symphyotrichum lateriflorum – Calico Aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae – New England Aster
Symphyotrichum oblongifolium – Aromatic Aster
Symphyotrichum oolentangiense – Sky Blue Aster
Symphyotrichum pilosum – Frost Aster +
Symphyotrichum puniceum – Swamp Aster
Symphyotrichum urophyllum – Arrow-leaved Aster
Symphyotrichum sericeum – Silky Aster
Tanacetum vulgare – Common Tansy *
Taraxacum officinale – Dandelion*
Tragopogon dubius – Yellow Salsify*
Vernonia fasciculata – Common Ironweed +

Balsaminaceae – Touch-me-not Family
Impatiens capensis – Jewelweed
Impatiens pallida – Yellow Jewelweed

Berberidaceae – Barberry Family
Caulophyllum thalictroides – Blue Cohosh

Betulaceae – Birch Family
Alnus incana – Speckled Alder
Betula papyrifera – White Birch
Betula pumila – Bog Birch
Corylus americana – American Hazelnut

Boraginaceae – Borage Family
Hackelia virginiana – Virginia Stickseed
Hydrophyllum virginianum – Virginia Waterleaf
Lithospermum canescens – Hoary Puccoon
Lithospermum incisum – Fringed Puccoon

Brassicaceae – Mustard Family
Alliaria petiolata – Garlic Mustard*
Arabidopsis lyrata – Sand Cress
Barbarea vulgaris – Yellow Rocket*
Boechera laevigata – Smooth Rock-cress
Cardamine bulbosa – Spring-cress
Draba reptans – Common Whitlow-grass
Erucastrum gallicum – Dog-mustard*
Hesperis matronalis – Dame’s Rocket*
Nasturtium officinale – Watercress*
Raphanus raphanistrum – Wild Radish *
Rorippa palustris – Bog Yellow-cress
Thlaspi arvense – Field Pennycress
Turritis glabra – Tower Mustard

Cactaceae – Cactus Family
Opuntia macrorhiza – Plains Prickly-pear +

Campanulaceae – Bellflower Family
Campanula aparinoides – Marsh Bellflower
Campanula rotundifolia – Harebell
Campanulastrum americana – American Bellflower
Lobelia cardinalis – Cardinal Flower #
Lobelia inflata – Indian Tobacco
Lobelia siphilitica – Great Blue Lobelia
Lobelia spicata – Spiked Lobelia
Triodanis perfoliata – Venus’ Looking Glass

Cannabanaceae – Hemp Family
Humulus lupulus – Common Hop

Caprifoliaceae – Honeysuckle Family
Diervilla lonicera – Bush Honeysuckle
Lonicera dioica – Mountain Honeysuckle
Lonicera maackii – Amur Honeysuckle*
Lonicera tatarica – Tartarian Honeysuckle*
Triosteum aurantiacum – Early Horse-gentian
Triosteum perfoliatum – Tinker’s Weed +
Valeriana edulis – Edible Valerian +

Caryophyllaceae – Pink Family
Dianthus armeria – Deptford Pink*
Silene antirrhina – Sleepy Catchfly
Silene latifolia – Bladder Campion *
Silene nivea – Snowy Campion
Stellaria aquatica – Water Stitchwort*
Stellaria longifolia – Long-leaved Stitchwort

Celastraceae – Bittersweet Family
Celastrus scandens – American Bittersweet

Chenopodiaceae – Goosefoot Family
Chenopodium pratericola – Desert Goosefoot

Cistaceae – Rock-rose Family
Crocanthemum bicknellii – Hoary Frostweed
Lechea intermedia – Pinweed
Lechea stricta – Prairie Pinweed

Cleomaceae – Cleome Family
Polanisia dodecandra – Clammy-weed

Commelinaceae – Spiderwort Family
Tradescantia ohiensis – Common Spiderwort

Convolvulaceae – Morning-glory Family
Calystegia sepium – Hedge Bindweed
Calystegia spithamaea – Low Bindweed
Cuscuta gronovii – Common Dodder

Cornaceae – Dogwood Family
Cornus alternifolia – Pagoda Dogwood
Cornus racemosa – Gray Dogwood
Cornus rugosa – Round-leaved Dogwood
Cornus sericea – Red Osier

Cucurbitaceae – Cucumber Family
Echinocystis lobata – Wild Cucumber

Cupressaceae – Cypress Family
Juniperus communis – Common Juniper
Juniperus virginiana – Eastern Red Cedar

Cyperaceae – Sedge Family
Carex bicknellii – Bicknell’s Sedge
Carex pensylvanica – Pennsylvania Sedge
Carex stricta – Common Tussock Sedge
Carex trichocarpa
Cyperus diandrus – Umbrella Flat-sedge
Cyperus lupulinus – Sand Sedge
Cyperus strigosus – False Nut-sedge
Scirpus atrovirens – Black Bulrush
Scirpus microcarpus – Panicled Bulrush
Scirpus cyperinus – Wool Grass

Dennstaedtiaceae – Bracken Fern Family
Pteridium aquilinum – Bracken Fern

Dryopteridaceae – True Fern Family
Athyrium filix-femina – Lady Fern
Dryopteris carthusiana – Toothed Wood Fern
Gymnocarpium dryopteris – Common Oak Fern
Matteuccia struthiopteris – Ostrich Fern
Onoclea sensibilis – Sensitive Fern

Ericaceae – Heath Family
Monotropa uniflora – Ghost Pipe
Pyrola elliptica – Large-flowered Shin-leaf

Euphorbiaceae – Spurge Family
Acalypha rhomboidea – Three-seeded Mercury
Euphorbia corollata– Flowering Spurge
Euphorbia davidii – David’s Spurge*

Equisetaceae – Horsetail Family
Equisetum arvense – Common Horsetail
Equisetum hyemale – Common Scouring Rush

Fabaceae – Bean Family
Amorpha canescens – Lead Plant
Amphicarpaea bracteata – Hog Peanut
Apios americana – Groundnut
Astragalus canadensis – Canada Milk-vetch
Baptisia alba – White Wild Indigo +
Baptisia bracteata – Cream Wild Indigo +
Chaemecrista fasciculata – Partridge Pea +
Dalea candida – White Prairie Clover +
Dalea purpurea – Purple Prairie Clover
Desmodium canadense – Canada Tick-trefoil (closeup)
Desmodium glutinosum – Clustered Tick-trefoil(closeup)
Desmodium illinoense – Illinois Tick-trefoil +
Lathyrus palustris – Marsh Pea
Lathyrus venosus – Veiny Pea
Lespedeza capitata – Bush Clover
Lotus corniculatus – Birds Foot Trefoil*
Lupinus perennis – Wild Lupine +
Trifolium campestre – Field Clover *

Fagaceae – Beech Family
Quercus alba – White Oak
Quercus ellipsoidalis – Hill’s Oak
Quercus macrocarpa – Burr Oak
Quercus rubra – Red Oak
Quercus velutina – Black Oak

Gentianaceae – Gentian Family
Gentiana alba – Cream Gentian
Gentiana andrewsii – Bottle Gentian
Gentiana quinquefolia – Stiff Gentian
Gentiana x pallidocyanea – Hybrid Bottle Gentian
Gentianopsis crinita – Fringed Gentian

Geraniaceae – Geranium Family
Geranium maculatum – Wild Geranium

Grossulariaceae – Gooseberry Family
Ribes americanum – American Black Current
Ribes missouriense – Missouri Gooseberry

Hypericaceae – St. John’s Wort Family
Hypericum majus – Larger Canadian St. John’s Wort
Hypericum perforatum – Common St. John’s Wort*
Hypericum punctatum – Spotted St. John’s Wort
Hypericum pyramidatum – Great St. John’s Wort

Hypoxidaceae – Star-grass Family
Hypoxis hirsuta – Yellow Star-grass

Iridaceae – Iris Family
Iris germanica – German Iris *
Iris versicolor – Northern Blue Flag +
Sisyrinchium campestre – Prairie Blue Eyed Grass

Juglandaceae – Walnut Family
Carya cordiformis – Bitternut Hickory
Juglans nigra – Black Walnut

Juncaceae – Rush Family
Juncus dudleyi – Dudley’s Rush
Juncus effusus – Common Rush
Luzula multiflora – Common Wood Rush

Lamiaceae – Mint Family
Agastache scrophulariaefolia – Purple Giant Hyssop +
Blephilia ciliata – Downy Wood-mint
Hedeoma hispida – Rough False Pennyroyal
Lycopus americanus – Water Horehound
Mentha arvensis – Wild Mint
Monarda fistulosa – Bergamot
Monarda punctata – Dotted Horsemint +
Prunella vulgaris – Heal-all
Pycnanthemum pilosum – Hairy Mountain Mint #
Pycnanthemum virginianum – Mountain Mint
Scutellaria parvula var. missouriensis – Small Skullcap
Stachys palustris – Hedge-nettle

Liliaceae – Lily Family
Allium stellatum – Prairie Onion +
Lilium michiganense – Turks Cap Lily
Lilium philadelphicum – Wood Lily +
Maianthemum canadense – Wild Lily of the Valley
Maianthemum racemosum – False Solomon’s Seal
Maianthemum stellatum – Starry False Solomon’s Seal
Polygonatum biflorum – Solomon’s Seal
Trillium flexipes – Nodding Trillium
Uvularia grandiflora – Bellwort

Linaceae – Flax Family
Linum sulcatum – Yellow Flax

Lycopodiaceae – Clubmoss Family
Diphasiastrum digitatum – Trailing Ground Pine
Huperzia lucidula – Shining Club Moss

Malvaceae – Mallow Family
Abutilon theophrasti – Velvet-leaf*

Melanthiaceae – Bunchflower Family
Anticlea elegans– White Camas

Mniaceae – Moss Family
Plagiomnium cuspidatum – Baby Tooth Moss

Nyctaginaceae – Four-o’clock Family
Mirabilis nyctaginea – Wild Four-o’clock

Onagraceae – Evening-primrose Family
Circaea canadensis – Enchanter’s Nightshade
Epilobium angustifolium – Fireweed
Epilobium coloratum – Eastern Willow-herb
Epilobium leptophyllum – American Marsh Willow-herb
Oenothera biennis – Evening Primrose

Ophioglossaceae – Adder’s Tongue Family
Botrychium dissectum – Dissected Grape-fern (phase with less dissected leaves)
Botrychium virginianum – Rattlesnake Fern

Orchidaceae – Orchid Family
Coeloglossum viride – Frog Orchid
Corallorhiza odontorhiza – Autumn Coralroot
Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens – Large Yellow Lady’s Slipper
Galearis spectabilis – Showy Orchis
Goodyera pubescens – Downy Rattlesnake-plantain
Liparis liliifolia – Purple Twayblade
Liparis loeselii – Green Twayblade
Platanthera psycodes – Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid +
Spiranthes magnicamporum – Great Plains Ladies Tresses
Spiranthes ovalis – October Ladies Tresses

Orobanchaecae – Broom-rape Family
Agalinis aspera – Rough False Foxglove
Agalinis tenuifolia – Common False Foxglove
Castilleja coccinea – Indian Paintbrush #+
Castilleja sessiliflora – Downy Yellow Painted Cup
Orobanche uniflora – One-flowered Broom-rape
Pedicularis canadensis – Wood Betony
Pedicularis lanceolata – Swamp Lousewort

Osmundaceae – Royal Fern Family
Osmunda claytoniana – Interrupted Fern

Oxalidaceae – Wood-sorrel Family
Oxalis stricta – Common Yellow Wood-sorrel
Oxalis violacea – Violet Wood-sorrel

Papaveraceae – Poppy Family
Sanguinaria canadensis – Bloodroot

Penthoraceae – Ditch-stonecrop Family
Penthorum sedoides – Ditch Stonecrop

Phrymaceae – Lopseed Family
Mimulus glabratus – Round-leaved Monkey-flower
Mimulus ringens – Monkey Flower
Phryma leptostachya – Lopseed

Plantaginaceae – Plantain Family
Chaenorhinum minus – Dwarf Snapdragon *
Chelone glabra – Turtlehead
Penstemon calycosus – Calico Beardtongue*#
Penstemon digitalis – Foxglove Beardtongue *#
Penstemon gracilis – Slender Beardtongue #
Penstemon grandiflorus – Large-flowered Beardtongue +
Plantago rugelii – American Plantain
Veronica arvensis – Field Speedwell *
Veronica serpyllifolia – Thyme-leaved Speedwell
Veronicastrum virginicum – Culver’s Root

Poaceae – Grass Family
Andropogon gerardii – Big Bluestem
Bouteloua curtipendula – Side Oats Gramma
Bouteloua hirsuta – Hairy Gramma
Bromus ciliatus – Fringed Brome
Bromus kalmii – Prairie Brome
Bromus inermis – Smooth Brome *
Bromus latiglumis – Ear-leafed Brome
Cenchrus longispinus – Sandbur
Dichanthelium acuminatum – Hairy Panic Grass
Dichanthelium oligosanthes – Few-flowered Panic Grass
Elymus canadensis – Canada Wild-rye +
Elymus hystrix – Bottlebrush Grass
Elymus trachycaulus – Slender Wheat Grass
Elymus riparius – Riverbank Wild-rye
Eragrostis spectabilis – Purple Lovegrass
Glyceria grandis – Manna Grass
Glyceria striata – Fowl Manna Grass
Koeleria macrantha – June Grass +
Leersia oryzoides – Rice Cutgrass
Muhlenbergia cuspidata – Prairie Satin Grass
Muhlenbergia racemosa – Upland Wild Timothy
Panicum oligosanthes – Few-flowered Panic Grass
Panicum virgatum – Switchgrass +
Paspalum setaceum – Hairy Bead Grass
Phalaris arundinacea – Reed Canary Grass *
Phleum pratense – Timothy *
Poa pratensis – Kentucky Bluegrass *
Setaria pumila – Yellow Foxtail *
Setaria viridis – Giant Green Foxtail *
Schizachyrium scoparium – Little Bluestem
Sorghastrum nutans – Indian Grass
Spartina pectinata – Prairie Cord Grass +
Sporobolus heterolepis – Prairie Dropseed
Stipa Spartea – Needle Grass

Polemoniaceae – Phlox Family
Phlox pilosa – Prairie Phlox
Polemonium reptans – Jacob’s Ladder

Polygalaceae – Milkwort Family
Polygala polygama – Purple Milkwort
Polygala sanguinea – Field Milkwort
Polygala verticillata var. isocycla – WhorledMilkwort

Polygonaceae – Buckwheat Family
Fallopia scandens – Climbing False Buckwheat
Persicaria longiseta – Oriental Lady’s-thumb *
Persicaria maculosa – Spotted Lady’s-thumb *
Persicaria pensylvanica – Pennsylvania Knotweed
Persicaria punctata – Dotted Smartweed
Persicaria sagittata – Arrow-leaved Tearthumb
Polygonum aviculare – Common Knotweed*
Rumex altissimus – Water Dock
Rumex crispus – Curly Dock*
Rumex orbiculatus – Great Water Dock

Potamogetonaceae – Pondweed Family
Potamogeton foliosus – Leafy Pondweed

Primulaceae – Primrose Family
Lysimachia ciliata – Fringed Loosestrife
Lysimachia quadriflora – Narrow-leaved Loosestrife
Trientalis borealis – Starflower

Pteridaceae – Maidenhair Fern Family
Adiantum pedatum – Maidenhair Fern
Pellaea glabella – Smooth Cliff Brake

Ranunculaceae – Buttercup Family
Actaea rubra – Red Baneberry
Anemone canadensis – Canada Anemone
Anemone cylindrica – Thimbleweed
Anemone quinquefolia – Wood Anemone
Anemone virginiana – Tall Thimbleweed
Aquilegia canadensis – Columbine
Caltha palustris – Marsh Marigold
Clematis virginiana – Wild Clematis
Delphinium carolinianum – Prairie Larkspur +
Ranunculus abortivus – Small-flowered Buttercup
Ranunculus acris – Meadow Buttercup*
Ranunculus hispidus – Rough Buttercup
Ranunculus recurvatus – Hooked Buttercup
Thalictrum dasycarpum – Tall Meadow Rue
Thalictrum dioicum – Early Meadow Rue
Thalictrum thalictroides – Rue Anemone

Rhamnaceae – Buckthorn Family
Ceanothus americanus – New Jersey Tea
Rhamnus cathartica – Common Buckthorn*

Rosaceae – Rose Family
Agrimonia gryposepala – Common Agrimony
Agrimonia striata – Roadside Agrimony
Amelanchier laevis – Smooth Serviceberry
Crataegus chrysocarpa – Fireberry Hawthorne
Drymocallis arguta – Prairie Cinquefoil
Fragaria vesca – Hillside Strawberry
Fragaria virginiana– Wild Strawberry
Geum aleppicum – Yellow Avens
Geum canadense – White Avens
Geum triflorum – Prairie Smoke
Malus pumila – Apple *
Physocarpus opulifolius – Common Ninebark
Potentilla recta – Rough-fruited Cinquefoil *
Potentilla simplex – Common Cinquefoil
Prunus americana – Wild Plum
Prunus pennsylvanica – Fire Cherry
Prunus serotina – Wild Black Cherry
Prunus virginiana – Chokecherry
Rosa palustris – Swamp Rose
Rosa sp. – Wild Rose
Rubus allegheniensis – Blackberry
Rubus flagellaris – Northern Dewberry
Rubus hispidus – Dewberry
Rubus idaeus – Raspberry
Rubus occidentalis – Black Raspberry
Rubus pubescens – Dwarf Red Raspberry

Rubiaceae – Madder Family
Galium aparine – Cleavers
Galium asprellum – Rough Bedstraw
Galium boreale – Northern Bedstraw
Galium triflorum – Fragrant Bedstraw

Rutaceae – Rue Family
Zanthoxylum americanum – Prickly Ash

Salicaceae – Willow Family
Populus deltoides – Cottonwood
Populus grandidentata – Big Toothed Aspen
Populus tremuloides – Quaking Aspen
Salix candida – Sage Willow
Salix discolor – Pussy Willow
Salix humilis – Prairie Willow
Salix interior – Sandbar Willow

Santalaceae – Sandalwood Family
Comandra umbellata – Bastard Toadflax

Sapindaceae – Soapberry Family
Acer negndo – Box Elder
Acer rubrum – Red Maple
Acer saccarinum – Silver Maple
Acer saccharum – Sugar Maple

Saxifragaceae – Saxifrage Family
Mitella diphylla – Bishop’s Cap
Heuchera richardsonii – Prairie Alumroot
Micranthes pensylvanica – Swamp Saxifrage

Scrophulariaceae – Figwort Family
Scrophularia lanceolata – Figwort
Verbascum thapsus – Common Mullein*

Smilacaceae – Catbrier Family
Smilax lasioneura – Common Carrion Flower

Solanaceae – Nightshade Family
Physalis heterophylla – Clammy Ground Cherry
Physalis virginiana – Virginia Ground Cherry

Thelypteridaceae
Thelypteris palustris – Marsh Fern

Tiliaceae – Linden Family
Tilia americana – American Basswood

Typhaceae – Cat-tail Family
Typha angustifolia – Narrow-leaved Cattail*
Typha latifolia – Cattail

Ulmaceae – Elm Family
Celtis occidentalis – Northern Hackberry
Ulmus americana – American Elm

Urticaceae – Nettle Family
Pilea pumila – Clearweed
Urtica dioica – Stinging Nettle

Verbenaceae – Vervain Family
Verbena hastata – Blue Vervain
Verbena stricta – Hoary Vervain +
Verbena urticifolia – White Vervain

Violaceae – Violet Family
Viola affinis – Sand Violet
Viola conspersa – Dog Violet
Viola macloskeyi – Small White Violet
Viola x palmata – Early Blue Violet
Viola pedata – Birdfoot Violet
Viola pedatifida – Prairie Violet
Viola pubescens – Yellow Violet
Viola sororia – Common Blue Violet

Vitaceae
Parthenocissus inserta – Woodbine
Vitis riparia – Frost Grape